作者：朱孝清
作者介绍：全国政协常委、社会和法制委员会副主任，最高人民检察院原副检察长
出版日期：2016年4月9日
内容提要 从单纯凭错案追究责任到符合主客观相统一条件时才追究错案责任，体现 了人类对司法规律认识的深化和司法的文明进步。错案责任追究与豁免相辅相成，分别体 现对司法权的控制与保障。对故意或重大过失所造成的错案进行责任追究，体现了主观过 错、客观行为、危害结果三者的有机统一，有利于增强司法人员责任心、提高办案质量和司 法公信力，有利于彰显社会公平正义、贯彻权责一致原则，也符合我国国情。对无故意或重 大过失的错案予以责任豁免，是体现司法职业特殊性、遵循司法规律的需要，是实现权力与 责任相一致、权力控制与权力保障相统一的需要，也是贯彻现代刑罚理念的需要。
关键词 错案 责任追究 责任豁免
Abstract: The transition to hold accountable over from mere misjudged cases to misjudged cases which conform to the principle of subjective and objective unification reflects judicial civilization progress as well as deepening of human’s knowledge on judicial principles． Misjudgment accountability and immunity are supplementary to each other， respectively incarnating the control and safeguard of jurisdiction． To investigate the responsibility for misjudged cases caused by intentional misconduct or gross negligence reveals the organic unity of subjective fault，objective behavior and harmful consequence，which benefits the enhancement of judicial personnel’s sense of responsibility，and the improvement of case handling quality and judicial public credibility． It is conducive to demonstration of social fairness and justice，and implementation of the principle of responsibility in accordance with authority． At the same time，it also remains suitable to China’s domestic features． Misjudgment immunity over cases without intentional misconduct and gross negligence is the necessity of manifestation of particularity related to judicial professions and following judicial orderliness，and the necessity to achieve the uniformity of rights and liability，the convergence and integration of power control and power safeguard， as well as the necessity of implementation of modern penalty ideology．