作者：曹明德
作者介绍：中国政法大学民商经济法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2016年2月9日
内容提要 中国在参与国际气候治理的过程中，应秉承气候正义的理念并坚持如下法 律立场: 确立公平合理的减排标准，实现分配正义; 完善气候变化公约的履约机制; 发达国 家应当制定支持发展中国家的时间表和路线图，实现矫正正义。为落实以上立场，中国应 继续积极参与国际气候谈判，与美国、欧盟一起引领国际气候治理，并切实履行至今已达成 的包括《巴黎协定》在内的一系列国际气候法律文件。与此同时，在国内应加大温室气体 减排力度，制定应对气候变化法、碳排放交易法规和环境税法，运用碳排放交易和碳税等市 场工具，从法律、市场、政策等方面确保气候正义的实现。
关键词 气候正义 巴黎气候大会 国家自主贡献 碳排放交易 碳税
Abstract: Based on various positions and benefits，countries respectively disagree with each other on legal aspects of climate justice． From the perspective of climate justice，China shall adhere to the following standpoints: establish fair and reasonable reduction standard of emissions in order to realize climate justice; establishing international climate tribunal， improving performance mechanism of climate change convention and agreements; making time table and road map for supporting developing nations by developed nations in respect of fund raising， technology transfer and capacity building． To effectuate the aforementioned standpoints，China shall actively participate in and lead international climate change governance along with the United States and the European Union in order to comply and enforce Paris Agreement on climate change． Meanwhile，China should reinforce domestic reduction of greenhouse gas emissions，lay stress on tackling climate change issue with legal approach such as drafting climate change law，explore and formulate market mechanisms such as carbon trading and carbon taxation，and promote investment in advanced technology of addressing climate change，thus realizing full implementation of climate justice in aspects of law，market，policy and international cooperation．