作者：陈海嵩
作者介绍：中南大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2016年2月9日
内容提要 环境法的实施是当前中国环境法治的核心议题。在环保“新常态”和推进 绿色发展的时代背景下，不应先验地将地方政府视为阻碍环境法实施的消极因素，而是需 要从微观视角出发进行更为细化地分析。运用社会科学研究中的“假设—验证”方法，对 近年来具有代表性的 PX 事件的研究表明，环境法的实施情况并不能作为解释 PX 事件治 理困境的主要原因; 将厦门 PX 事件视为“范例”掩盖了其复杂的博弈过程，反而对类似事 件的合理解决造成阻碍。PX 事件治理困境之根源，在于政府权力运作的短期性与随意性。 中国环境法实施现状与公众诉求之间的矛盾，源于行政权力运作的实践逻辑，是一种“内生 困境”而非“外在困境”，并不是简单通过加大外部资源投入就能解决，而是要依赖制度性 约束条件的转变与改善，其关键环节在于实现政府决策模式从“嵌入”到“善治”的转型。
关键词 环境法实施 绿色发展 PX事件 行政权力
Abstract: The implementation of Environmental Law is the core topic in current Chinese environmental rule of law． Under the background of new normality in environmental protection and green development promotion，the traditional governmental profit theory has been proved false by new experience and facts to some extent，and the local government should not be regarded as the negative factor that hinders the implementation of Environmental Law，but to make more detailed analysis from the microcosmic perspective． With the method of hypothesis and verification in social scientific research，the research of recent years’representative PX case shows that the implementation conditions of Environmental Law cannot be considered as the main reason that explains the governance dilemma of PX case; that regarding Xiamen PX case as the example covers up its complicated game process，and implies the moral prognosis and discourse violence，which hinders the reasonable solution of similar cases． The root of PX case governance dilemma lies in the short term and randomness of government authority operation． The tension and contradiction between current condition of Chinese Environmental Law implementation and public appeals derives from practical logics of administrative authority operation and is a kind of internal dilemma rather than external dilemma，which cannot be easily solved through increasing external resource input，but relies on the transformation and improvement of institutional constraint condition，whose key link lies in realizing the governmental decision method ’s transformation from insertion to good governance．