作者：丁 文
作者介绍：华中师范大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2015年6月9日
内容提要 源于土地承包经营权流转实践并得到政策确认的“三权分离”，在理论上 存在较大争议，其焦点是土地承包权应否从土地承包经营权中分离出来。土地承包权与土 地承包经营权在权利主体、权利内容、权利性质以及侵权形态、救济方式和责任方式等方面 均存在较大差异，两者应当分离。土地承包经营权包含土地承包权已造成理论上的混乱与 纷争，导致土地承包经营权的功能超载，妨碍土地承包经营权的有序流转，影响承包人土地 权益保护等不利影响，两者必须分离。寻求土地承包权与土地承包经营权分离的途径，既 要对现行理论进行反思，关注改革实践以形成权利分置的理论共识; 又要重视在《农村土地 承包法》或《物权法》中进行土地承包权的制度设置以及土地承包经营权的立法完善等权 利分置的制度构建等问题。
关键词 土地承包权 土地承包经营权 三权分离
Abstract: The separation of“three rights”is resulted from practice of transferring land managing right and policy confirmation，but theoretical disputes still exist，where the central issue is whether land contracting right should be separated from right to contract land for management． Since differences on subjects，contents，natures，tort forms，protections and liabilities between the two rights are obvious，they should be separated from each other． In addition，attaching land contracting right to right to contract land for management has caused confusions and disputes in theory，made right to contract for management functionally overloaded，prevented right to contract for management from well circulating，and created bad effects on protecting contractors’land rights，which is another reason why they must be divided． To fulfill the separation and seek its ways，researchers of this issue should rethink current theoretical points，pay an eye on reform practices and come with a theory consensus on right distribution． Meanwhile，we should also attach importance to undertaking system construction of land contracting right and legislating improvement of right to contract land for management in the Law of the People’s Ｒepublic of China on Land Contract in Ｒural Areas and Ｒeal Ｒight Law．