作者：苗生明
作者介绍：最高人民检察院第一检察厅厅长，法学博士
出版日期：2019年12月9日
内容提要 新时代背景下，随着国家权力结构的新调整和社会主要矛盾的新变化，检 察权的内涵和外延亦随之发生变化，法律监督的宪法定位更加鲜明。检察权要以代表公共 利益为职责使命，以司法权与监督权的交互融合为基本属性，更要以检察审查为核心内容， 通过促进其职能化、 实质化，作为法律监督的重要支撑，贯通审查逮捕、 审查起诉、 诉讼监督 等各环节、 各方面。随着我国检察制度的基本成熟定型，可以提炼出检察权在制衡本质、 主 导功能、 范围延展、 客观公正立场以及运行机理等方面的特征，这是中国对现代检察制度的 重要制度贡献，也是新时代检察工作发展完善的基本遵循。当前，检察机关的刑事、 民事、 行政、 公益诉讼“ 四大检察” 法律监督总体布局已经形成，应当紧紧抓住检察审查这一核心 内容，从不同维度推动检察权的发展完善，实现从“ 单一型” 向“ 全面型”、 从“ 管理型” 向 “ 保障型”、 从“ 分散型” 向“ 集聚型”、 从“ 被动型” 向“ 能动型”、 从“ 审批型” 向“ 亲历型” 的 转变。
关键词 检察权 法律监督 公共利益 检察审查
Abstract:Under the background of the new era，with the new adjustment of the state power structure and the new changes of the main social contradictions，the connotation and extension of procuratorial power have changed，and the constitutional positioning of legal supervision is more distinct． The procuratorial power should take the representation of public interests as its duty and mission，the interaction and integration of judicial power and supervision power as its basic attribute，and the procuratorial review as its core content． By promoting its function and substantiation，it should serve as an important support for legal supervision，and link up specific power such as the review of arrest，the review of prosecution，and the supervision of litigation． With the basic maturity and finalization of China’ s procuratorial system，we can extract the basic characteristics of the nature of procuratorial checks and balances，the leading function，the extension of the scope，the objective and fair position and the operation mechanism，which is an important institutional contribution of China to the modern procuratorial system，and also the basic principle for the development and perfection of the procuratorial work in the new era． At present，the overall layout of legal supervision of‘ four procuratorial organs’ in criminal，civil，administrative and public interest litigation has been formed． We should firmly grasp the core content of procuratorial review，promote the development and improvement of procuratorial power from different dimensions，and realize the transformation from ‘ single type’to ‘ comprehensive type’ ，from ‘management type ’ to ‘safeguard type ’ ，from ‘decentralized type ’ to ‘ gathering type ’ ，from ‘passive type ’ to ‘active type ’ and from ‘approval type ’ to ‘ experienced type’ ．