作者：廖诗评
作者介绍：北京师范大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2019年12月9日
内容提要 近年来，美国频繁通过具有域外效力的国内法，采取国内法域外适用措施， 使得国内法的域外效力和域外适用问题再次成为国际社会的焦点。国家采取不符合国际 法的国内法域外适用措施，以及滥用国内法域外适用措施，都会构成对国际秩序和国际法 治的冲击和破坏。赋予国内法域外效力并适度进行国内法域外适用，不仅能够保护本国公 民和企业的利益，也能够为国际秩序和国际法的发展提供契机。但现行中国法域外适用法 律体系的指导思想并不明确，重要领域的立法缺失并导致执法缺位，法律责任规定则过于 模糊，基本无法实现上述目标。因此，在现有国际法规则框架下，完善中国法域外适用法律 体系，适度进行国内法域外适用，既是深化国内法治改革的需要，也是履行大国责任和深度 参与国际治理的需要。
关键词 域外适用 域外效力 域外管辖 连接点 法律体系
Abstract:In recent years，the United States has frequently adopted domestic laws with extraterritorial effect and measures of extraterritorial application of domestic laws，making the extraterritorial effect and extraterritorial application of domestic laws become the focus of the international community again． Countries that adopt measures of extraterritorial application of domestic law that are inconsistent with international law，and abuse of such measures，will impact and undermine the international order and rule of law． Granting extraterritorial effect to domestic laws and appropriately applying them will not only protect the interests of domestic citizens and enterprises，but also provide opportunities for the development of international order and international law． However，the guiding ideology of the current extraterritorial application legal system of Chinese law is not clear，the absence of legislation in important areas leads to the absence of law enforcement，and the provisions on legal liability are too vague to achieve the above goals． Therefore，within the existing framework of international law rules，improving extraterritorial application legal system of Chinese law and implementing extraterritorial application of domestic law are not only the need to deepen the reform of domestic rule of law，but also the need to fulfill the responsibility of a major country and participate deeply in international governance．