作者：张玉敏
作者介绍：西南政法大学教授,博士生导师
出版日期：2015年2月9日
内容提要 注册商标三年不使用撤销是商标法上的一项重要制度,其理论依据是,由商标的识别功能所决定,只有在商业活动中真实使用的商标才是法律所要保护的商标,长期不使用的注册商标已经失效,法律不应再提供保护。该制度体现了商标保护的理念,符合商标法的立法目的。按照体系化的要求,商标法的相关制度,如异议制度,商标注册无效制度、侵权责任制度等,应当与该制度保持理论和逻辑上的一致性,而新商标法并没有做到这一点。建议通过司法解释和指导判例,确认异议程序中的被异议人、无效程序中的被申请人、侵权诉讼程序中的被控侵权人的不使用抗辩权,如果抗辩成功,应驳回异议申请和无效申请,以及侵权诉讼原告的诉讼请求。
关键词 三年不使用撤销 商标注册异议 商标注册无效 商标侵权责任
Abstract: The institution of cancellation of registered trademarks which have ceased to be used for three consecutive years is an important system in the trademark law,its theoretical basis,which is decided by the recognition function of trademark,is that the trademark which is truly used in business activities is the trademark which is protected by the trademark law,registered trademark which is not used for a long time has lost its effectiveness,the law should not provide protection. This system embodies the concept of trademark protection, and conforms to the legislative purpose of trademark law. According to the systematic requirements,the relevant system of the trademark law should be consistent with the theory and logic of this system,and the new trademark law clearly does not meet this requirement.In this paper,by using the method of systematic,firstly,the correctness and the rationality of the institution of cancellation of registered trademarks which have ceased to be used for three consecutive years is proved,on this basis,analysis the logical confliction between the system of opposition to trademark registration,the system of invalidity about trademark registration,the tort liability system in the new trademark law and the institution of cancellation of registered trademarks which have ceased to be used for three consecutive years. The suggestions of improvement just as follows: by judicial interpretation and guidance case,confirm the right to defense of not use for demurred party in opposition procedure,The respondent in invalidity procedure,and the accused infringer in Infringement proceedings,if the defense is success,the application of opposition and invalidity,and the plaintiff's claim of infringement lawsuit will be rejected.