作者：步洋洋
作者介绍：西北政法大学人权研究中心教授
出版日期：2025年12月9日
内容提要 法典编纂存在形式法典化与实质法典化的模式之分。我国《刑事诉讼法》自1979年以来的三次修改，主要将规范调整与制度设计聚焦于形式法典化层面。基于形式法典化在体系性、周延性与实效性方面的不足，刑事诉讼法修改应当根据形式法典化与实质法典化的逻辑关系，以形式法典化为起点，从短期路径和长期路径两个维度，渐进式地实现刑事诉讼法从形式法典化到实质法典化的法典化进阶目标。在短期路径维度，《刑事诉讼法》应当基于问题意识，消解形式法典化的现实局限，通过强化《刑事诉讼法》内部与外部规范之间的协调性、科学性与完备性，为实质法典化的体系建构创设基础。在长期路径维度，《刑事诉讼法》应当贯彻系统性与协调性的立法理念，通过统一价值观念、精进立法技术，从价值到形式再到结构保证刑事诉讼法规范内部的逻辑自洽，并妥善处理传统司法与数字技术、本土规范与涉外法治之间的张力关系，推进刑事诉讼的现代化转型。
关键词 形式法典化 实质法典化 以审判为中心 刑事诉讼法修改
Abstract: The modes of codification have been divided into formal codification and substantive codification. China’s Criminal Procedure Law has been revised three times since 1979, mainly focusing on regulation adjustment and system design at the level of formal codification. Due to the shortcomings of the formal codification in terms of systematization, comprehensiveness and effectiveness, the legal amendment should, in accordance with the logical relationship between the formal codification and the substantive codification, start from the formal codification and gradually realize the codification advancement of the Criminal Procedure Law from the formal codification to the substantive codification through two dimensions: short-term path and long-term path. On the short-term path, the Criminal Procedure Law should dissolve the practical limitations of the current formal codification based on problem awareness and create a foundation for the construction of the substantive codification system by enhancing the coordination, scientificity and completeness between the internal and external norms of the Criminal Procedure Law. On the long-term path, the Criminal Procedure Law should implement the legislation idea of systematization and coordination, and ensure the logical self-consistency within the norms of the Criminal Procedure Law from value to form, and from form to structure by unifying values and refining legislative technology. Also, it needs to properly handle the tension between traditional judicial system and digital technology, local norms and the rule of law in foreign-related affairs, so as to promote the modernization transition of the Criminal Procedure Law.