作者：展鹏贺
作者介绍：湖南大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2025年10月9日
内容提要 数字行政转型中，基于人际互动的传统正当程序构造面临适用性挑战，既有程序制度难以有效应对数字化方式引发的程序权利挤压、调查职权空转和程序折叠风险。面对数字行政扩张下的正当程序规制需求，当前制度探索中形成的立足传统制度改良和围绕技术原理重构路径，受其分属的结构主义和功能主义程序观影响，或因过于偏重技术开放立场导致具体规则针对性不足，或因过度凸显技术中心地位偏离行政程序规制效果。有鉴于此，数字行政正当程序构造应立足行政程序作为规范涵摄媒介的本质，以程序合法要求保障的主体间有效信息交互为功能基准，实现法律程序与技术流程的统一。具体制度构造应当以法定的技术应用范围为基础，围绕技术设计与实施二元程序结构，通过行政机关主导下的原理解释和模拟验证，实现技术设计的可信性，同时借助技术提示、运行记录和人工介入机制，保障技术实施的准确性。
关键词 数字行政 正当程序 行政方式 行政程序
Abstract: Digital administrative transformation challenges traditional due process, as existing frameworks fail to prevent rights erosion, investigative dysfunction, and procedural compression. Current approaches, whether modifying conventional systems or restructuring procedures based on technological logic—remain constrained by structuralist or functionalist conceptions of procedure. These often overprivilege technological considerations, either sacrificing regulatory precision or undermining normative effectiveness. Digital due process should instead reaffirm administrative procedure as a structure of normative subsumption, ensuring legally grounded intersubjective information exchange. Institutional construction must legally bind technical applications and establish a dual design-implementation framework. This entails ex ante reliability validation through principle explanation and simulation, alongside ex post accuracy mechanisms including technical alerts, logging, and human intervention.