摘要(Abstract)：
本文的主旨在于探讨国内法定机构实践及其面对的问题,并给出对策和建议。政府职能转变必然要求政府组织结构发生相应的变化。法定机构实践对于国内正在进行的事业单位改革和大部制改革具有特别意义。从已有的广东省和上海市法定机构实践来看,面临着配套机制跟进缓慢、解决人员分流乏力、部门间协同不强、职能转变较慢、纵向府际关系不清、权利监管及权力约束弱等问题。未来应坚持法定机构独立性、灵活性、高效性、自主性的社会化特征,进一步限制政府规模、提高行政效率、削减治理成本。
关键词(KeyWords)：
Abstract:
Keywords:
基金项目(Foundation): funded by the National Social Science Fund(14ZDC016&16CFX98)
作者(Author): 李晓郛;
Email:
参考文献(References)：
- 1 Chen Jianfu, The Transformation of Chinese Law:From Normal to Substantial, 37(1)Hong Kong L. J. 689, 670(2007).
- 2 China became a member of WTO on December 11, 2001. CHINA AND THE WTO, at https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/china_e.htm(Last visited on September 27, 2017).
- 3 CPC, DEEPENING REFORM&UPGRATING CHINA, at http://en.people.cn/102775/208695/index.html(Last visited on October17, 2017).
- 4 PRESS CENTER FOR THE 19TH CPC NATIONAL CONGRESS, FULL TEXT OF RESOLUTION ON CPC CENTRAL COMMITTEE REPORT, at http://19th.cpcnews.cn/english/nI00/2017/1024/e154-966.html(Last visited on October 27, 2017).
- 5 CPC, COMMUNIQUE OF THE THIRD PLENARY SESSION OF THE 18TH CENTRAL COMMMITTEE OF THE CPC, at http://www.china.org.cn/chinese/2014-01/16/content_31213800.htm(Last visited on September 27, 2017).
- 6 Id.
- 7 Supra note 4.
- 8 Id.
- 9 Id.
- 10 Michael Moran, The British Regulatory State:High Modernism and Hyper-innovation, 68(6)Modern L. Rev. 1035(2005).
- 11 Arthur Felts, Entrepreneurial Government, 16(3)Public Productivity&Management Rev. 315, 320(1993).
- 12 Ian Thynne, The State and Governance:Issues and Challenges in Perspective, 66(2)International Review of Administrative Sciences 227, 230-240(2000).
- 13 Chwee Huat Tan, Privatization in Singapore:The Success of Public Sector Management, 3(1)International Journal of Public Sector Management 47, 50-57(1990).
- 14 Fu Xiaosui, Statutory Board and Its Special Effect in Public Service, 16(2)Administrative Tribune 8(2009).
- 15 SINGAPORE, STATUTORY BOARDS, at http://countrystudies.us/singapore/47.htm(Last visited on October 24, 2017).
- 16 Fu Xiaosui, supra note 14, 10.
- 17 THE CENTRAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA,THE CPC CENTRAL COMMITTEE AND STATE COUNCIL ON THE REFORM OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS CLASSIFIED GUIDANCE, at http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2012-04/16/content_2114526.htm(Last visited on September 27, 2017).
- 18 THE CENTRAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA,THE FRAMEWORK OF CHINA(GUANGDONG)PILOT FREE TRADE ZONE, at http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-04/20/content_9623.htm(Last visited on September 17, 2017).
- 19 Liu Xiaokang, Review on Society-oriented Reform of Public Institutions, 18(4)Journal of Beijing Administration College 32, 33(2016).
- 20 THE CENTRAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT(2012), at http://www.gov.cn/english/official/2012-03/15/content_2092737.htm(Last visited on October 27,2017).
- 21 Supra note l7.
- 22 Id.
- 23 Liu Xiaokang, supra note 19, 34.
- 24 Supra note l7.
- 25 PRESS CENTER OF THE FIRST SESSION OF THE TWELFTH NATIONAL PEOPLE'S CONGRESS, LESS IS MORE FOR GOVERNMENT AFTER OVERHAUL, at http://www.npc.gov.cn/pc/12_1/2013-03/11/content_1778241.htm(Lat visited on September 8, 2017).
- 26 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, Statutory Body Governance Mode:Path Choice of Deepening Reforrm of China's Big Ministry, 31(1)Journal of Fujian Administration Institute 12, 13(2016).27 Id.
- 28 Liu Xiaokang, supra note 19, 35; Zhu Ganwei, Overhaul Reform from Local Government:Analysis of Organization Structure,30(1)Chinese Public Administration 17, 18(2014).
- 29 Chen Shuisheng, Comparative Study on Management Modes of Statutory Boards Abroad, 23(l0)Academics111, 112(2014).
- 30 Cui Jing, Statutory Board in Singapore and Its Implications to the Reform of Public Institution in China, 17(6)Around Southeast Asia 50, 52-54(2011).
- 31 Fu Xiaosui, supra note 14, 10-11.
- 32 Sun Wenbin, Operation, Supervision and Promotion of Statutory Boards in Hong Kong, 4(1)Hong Kong and Macao Journal 83, 84(2016).
- 33 Cui Jian&Yang Shan, Study on Management Mode of Qianhai Cooperation Area for Reference from Overseas Statutory Boards, 1(4)Institutional Reform and Management in China 41,42(2011).
- 34 Wang Yangong, Statutory Bodies of Japanese Toll Roads and Establishment of Statutory Bodies in Japan, 15(3)Journal of China National School of Administration 124, 125(2014).
- 35 INTRODUCTION OF SHENZHEN URBAN PLANNING&LAND RESOURCE RESEARCH CENTRE, at http://ghzx2014.tianv.net/about-about.htm(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 36 THE CENTRAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA,OPINIONS ON DEEPENING THE REFORM OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM, at http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2008-03/04/content_909225.htm(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 37 THE CENTRAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, OPINIONS ON PILOT PROGRAMS FOR PUBLIC SERVICE, at http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2012/eontent_2121699.htm(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 38 THE PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE, OPINIONS ON PILOT PROGRAMS FOR PUBLIC SERVICE IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE, at http://zwgk.gd.gov.cn/006939801/201108/t20110819_264510.html(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 39 QIANHAI ADMINISTRATION, STRATEGIC POSITIONING, at http://www.szqh.com.cn/Why_Qianhai/Strategic_Positioning(Last visited on October 19, 2017).
- 40 Id.
- 41 THE PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE, THE 12TH FIVE-YEAR PLANS, at http://guoqing.china.com.cn/gbbg/2011-1 1/03/content_23815910.htm(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 42 Li Shaohua&Ai Yongmei, Investigation on Statutory Boards Pilot in Guangdong Province,11(3)Chinese Policy Rev. 28(2014).
- 43 Xu Yan&Chen Xionghai, Statutory Board Review, Nanfang Metropolis Daily, March 18, 2016.
- 44 Id.
- 45 LUJIAZUI FINANCIAL CITY, ADMINISTRATION, at http://en.lujiazui.gov.cn/2012-08/28/content_18856163.htm(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 46 Id.
- 47 PEOPLE'S CONGRESS IN PUDONG NEW AREA, THE DICISION ON PROMOTING AND SAFEGUARDING THE REFORM OF THE LUJIAZUI FINANCILA CITY, at http://www.spcsc.sh.cn/nl939/n1992/n2398/uIai131068.html(Last visited on October19,2017).
- 48 LUJIAZUI FINANCIAL CITY, LUJIAZUI FINANCIAL CITY STARTED THE PILOT REFORM, at http://www.lujiazui.gov.cn/ljzjrc_new_xwdt_tzxx/2016-08-26/Detail_754048.htm(Last visited on October 29, 2017).
- 49 NATIONAL ENTERPRISE CREDIT INFORMATION PUBLICITY SYSTEM, at http://www.gsxt.gov.cn/index.html(Last visited on October 19, 2017).
- 50 Id.
- 51 Supra note 47.
- 52 SHI DONGDONG, LUJIAZUI FINANCIAL CITY DEVELOPMENT BUREAU WAS OFFICIAL LISTED, at http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1519251(Last visited on October 19, 2017).
- 53 Supra note 15.
- 54 Id.
- 55 SINGAPORE, INTRODUCTION, at https://www.gov.sg(Last visited on October 19, 2017).
- 56BATEN JORG, A HISTORY OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY:FROM 1500 TO THE PRESENT, at 292(Cambridge University Press, 2016).
- 57 Zhou Qin&Li Jiaping, How to Be the Good Regulator:Theories on Empirical Analysis on Legal Authorities of Singapore Public Utilities, 26(1)Industrial Economics Research 11,5-10(2007).
- 58 In generally, every class of mainland governments will publish annual working paper, five-year outline or other kinds of roadmap.See FIVE-YEAR OUTLINE(2005-2010)OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE, at http://sztqb.sznews.com/html/2014-07/30/content_2956364.htm(Last visited on October 27, 2017).
- 59 THE LEGISLATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, at http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/dbdhhy/12_3/2015-03/18/content_1930713.htm(Last visited on October 27, 2017).
- 60 Article 87 of the Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China(2015 Amendnment).
- 61 Id., clause 1 of article 88.
- 62 Id., clause 2 of article 88.
- 63 Id., clause 1 of article 89.
- 64 Id.
- 65 Li Shaohua&Ai Yongmei, supra note 42, 29.
- 66 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, supra note 26, 14.
- 67 Yu Lishen, Self-regulation of Administrative Organs under the Multiple Administrative Tasks, 29(1)Contemporary L. Rev. 12, 20(2014).
- 68 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, supra note 26, 13.
- 69 Cui Jing, Statutory Board in Singapore and Its Implications to the Reform of Public Institution in China, 17(6)Around Southeast Asia 50, 52-54(2011).
- 70 Li Shaohua&Ai Yongmei, supra note 42, 29.
- 71 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, supra note 26, 13.
- 72 Id., 14.
- 73 Zhou Qin&Li Jiaping, supra note 57, 7.
- 74 Edward Taylor, The Political Subdivision Exception of the National Labor Relations Act and the Board's Discretionary Authority, 4(4)J. of Physics D:Applied Physics 329, 329-339(2002).
- 75 SINGAPORE, STATUTORY BOARD FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS, at http://www.assb.gov.sg/fr-assb_frs.html(Last visited on August 24, 2017).
- 76 Wang Yangong, Statutory Boards of Toll Road in Japan and Establishing of Chinese Statutory Boards, 16(3)J. of Chinese Academy of Governance 123, 127(2014).
- 77 John P. Burns&Wang Xiaoqi, Civil Service Reform in China:Impacts on Civil Servants'Behavior, 201(1)The China Q. 58, 60-65(2010).
- 78 Chen Xiaofang,Balance between Construction of Independent Operation of Statutory Board and Effective Regulatory Development, 32(11)Academic Exchange 82, 86(2015).
- 79 Liu Xiaokang, supra note 19, 35.
- 80 Song Gongde, From Institutional Organization to Statutory Board, 8(8)Administration Reform 39, 40(2008).
- 81 Ding Yuanzhu, Governance of Hong Kong Statutory Board, 14(1)Social Outlook 3l(2014).
- 82 Id.
- 83 Id.
- 84 SHI DONGDONG, supra note 52.
- 55 TEXT OF THE FOURTH PLENARY SESSION OF THE 18TH CENTRAL COMMITTEE, at http://en.people.cn/102775/310499/index.html(Last visited on October 3, 2017).
- 86 Supra note 47.
- 87 Song Gongde, supra note 80, 39.
- 88 THE ADMINISTRATIVE LICEINSING LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, at http://www.gov.cn/flfg/2005-06/27/content_9899.htm(Last visited on October 3, 2017).
- 89 THE ADMINISTRATIVE PUNISHMENTS LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, at http://www.gov.cn/banshi/2005-08/21/content 25101.htm(Last visited on October 3, 2017).
- 90 Articles 16 and 17 of the Administrative Punishments Law.
- 91 Supra note 59.
- 92 Wang Bingan, Establish a Statutory Body:Path Selection of Regional Docking between Pingtan and Taiwan, 31(3)Journal of Fujian Administration Institute 1, 5(2013).
- 93 Chen Xiaofang, supra note 78, 83.
- 94 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, supra note 26, 15.
- 95 Driffield Nigel&Du Jun, Privatization, State Ownership and Producti vity:Evidence from China, 14(2)Int'l J. of the Economics of Business 215, 239(2007).
- 96 Jiang Binxing, The Attribution and Connotation of the Spirit of Rule of law and How to Carry Forward It, 10(1)The Jurist1 11,19(2013).
- 97 Wang Bingan, supra note 92, 3.
- 98 Wang Yongcheng, Progress, Reason and Inspiration of Hong Kong Statutory Board, 29(5)Hunan Social Science 32, 32(2012).
- 99 Wang Bingan, supra note 92, 3.
- 100 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, supra note 26, 17.
- 101 Wang Bingan, supra note 92, 3.
- 102 Chen Xiaofang, supra note 78, 85.
- 103 Wu Houjian&Beichuan Liye, supra note 26, 17.
- 104 Chen Xiaofang, supra note 78, 86.
