摘要(Abstract)：
Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION As a world-known human rights activist,Zhang Pengchun was not only engaged in citizen and public diplomacy,but also participated in the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(hereinafter referred to as the UDHR)and made great achievements admired by the world.However,before
关键词(KeyWords)：
Abstract:
Keywords:
基金项目(Foundation): China Academic Translation Project of the National Social Science Fund,entitled Historic Achievement of a Common Standard:Zhang Pengchun and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(14WFX005);;
the Research Project,entitled Zhang Pengchun:A Principal Architect of the International Human Rights System sponsored by Humanities and Social Science Research Project of China University of Political Science and Law(15ZFG82001)
作者(Author): 孙平华;
Email:
参考文献(References)：
- 1 ZHANG YUANFENG,THOUGHTS ON MY BELOVED FATHER,in ZHANG PENGCHUN 1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY AND COLLECTED WORKS,at 179(Ruth H.C.&Sze-Chuh Cheng eds.,Privately Printed,1995).
- 2 American Committee for Non-participation Japanese Aggression.
- 3 ZHANG PENGCHUN,CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA,in ZHANG PENGCHUN 1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY AND COLLECTED WORKS,at 144-146(Ruth H.C.&Sze-Chuh Cheng eds.,Privately Printed,1995).
- 4 Id.
- 5 ZHANG PENGCHUN 1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY AND COLLECTED WORKS,at 15(Ruth H.C.&Sze-Chuh Cheng eds.,Privately Printed,1995).
- 6 UN Document:GAOR C.3.,177,
- 7 Id.
- 8 UN Document:E/CN.4/AC.1/SR.11,10.
- 9 Id.
- 10 Sun Pinghua,Zhang Pengchun:A World-known Human Rights Activist,6 Human Rights 40,45(2011).
- 11 JACQUES MARITAIN,HUMAN RIGHTS:COMMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS,at 186(Wingate,1949).
- 12 Supra note 6,48.
- 13 ZHANG PENGCHUN,WORLD SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMICALLY"LOW PRESSURE"AREAS,SPEECH AT THE SECOND SESSION OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL,in ZHANG PENGCHUN 1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY AND COLLECTED WORKS,at 151-153(Ruth H.C.&Sze-Chuh Cheng eds.,Privately Printed,1995).
- 14 MALIK C,SPEECH TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY,in THE CHALLENGE OF HUMAN RIGHTS:CHARLES MALIK AND THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION,at 120-121(H.C.Malik ed.,Centre for Lebanese Studies,2000).
- 15 Supra note 6,154.
- 16 DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,at http://research.un.org/en/undhr/draftingcommittee#s-lg-box-wrapper-3385355(Last visited on February 19,2016).
- 17 U.S.DEPARTMENT OF STATE,THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,EJOURNAL USA 13/11,at http://www.america.gov/publications/ejournals.html(Last visited onFebruary 19,2016).
- 18 Id.
- 19 The 103rd Meeting was held at the Palais de Chaillot,Paris,on Friday,October 15,1948,at 10.45 a.m.
- 20 Supra note 6,153-154.
- 21 SUN PINGHUA,THE STUDY OF THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,at 330-331(Peking University Press,2012).
- 22 ZHANG PENGCHUN,CHINA AT THE CROSSROADS,at 46(Evans Brothers Ltd.,Montague House,1936),
- 23 Id.,46-47.
- 24 HUANG KAIFENG,VALUE RESEARCH:INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES AND LOCAL EXPLORATION,at 16(Xue Lin Publishing House,2013).
- 25 Supra note 6,48.
- 26 LUO ZHONGSHU,HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE CHINESE TRADITION,in HUMAN RIGHTS:COMMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS,at 186-187(UNESCO ed.,Allan Wingate,1949).
- 27 SUNG PINGHUA,supra note 21,338.
- 28 U.S.DEPARTMENT OF STATE,supra note 17.
- 29 ZHANG PENGCHUN,supra note 13.
- 30 UN Document:E/CN.4/AC.1/SR.15,4(Zhang Pengchun's proposal:Everyone has the right to education.Primary education shall be obligatory and shall be provided by the State or community in which he lives.There shall be equal access to technical,culture and higher education as can be provided by the State or community on the basis of merit and without distinction as to race,sex,language or religion).
- 31 UN Document:E/CN.4/SR.67,16(Zhang Pengchun's proposal:1,Everyone has the right to education,including free fundamental education and equal access on the basis of merit to higher education.2.Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms).
- 32 UN Document:E/CN.4/SR.69,9(Zhang Pengchun's proposal:Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality,to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to the promotion of international goodwill).
- 33 Supra note 6,462(Zhang Pengchun's proposal:2.Everyone has the right of free and equal access to public service of their country).
- 34 Id.,868,
- 35 CUI GUOLIANG,CUI HONG&DONG XIUHUA,ON EDUCATION AND DRAMATIC ART BY ZHANG PENGCHUN(Nankai University Press,2004).
- 36 Supra note 8,10.
- 37 Id.,10-11.
- 38 WILL PIERRE-ETIENNE,CHAPTER 9 THE CHINESE CONTRIBUTION TO THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,in CHINA,DEMOCRACY,AND LAW:A HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY APPROACH,at 299-374(Mireille Delmas-marty&Pierre-eTienne Will eds.,Koninklijke Brill,2012).
- 39 Id.,338.
- 40 UN Document:E/CN.4/SR.51,5-6.
- 41 Zhang Pengchun liked Ibsen's plays very much,not only performed Ibsen's Public Enemy and Nora in theater,but also bought a set of the English version of Complete Collection of Ibsen,which was given to Cao Yu in December 1929,who benefited a lot from this Complete Collection of Ibsen.
- 42 Zhang Pengchun particularly appreciated Indian foremost poet,Tagore's poetry,and especially liked his masterpiece Crescent Moon,In November 1923,Zhang's second daughter was born,he named her Crescent Moon,By this time,Zhang Pengchun's friends Xu Zhimo,Hu Shi,Liang Shih-chiu,Chen Xiying and so on prepared to organize a Literary Society.Because the name of the Literary was not decided at preparatory stage,Therefore,Zhang Pengchun recommended his daughter's name Crescent Moon to his friends,thus"Crescent Society"came into being,which became a strong contingent of the New Cultural Movement.When Zhang Pengchun served as dean of Tsinghua University in 1924,Tagore visited China.On May 10,1924,Qi Dela was performed in English in the auditorium of Xiehe Medical College to celebrate Tagore's 64th birthday.Zhang Pengchun served as a director,Liang Sicheng painting the Scene.Actress(Qi Dela)played by Lin Huiyin,Xu Zhimo played Cupid.This was the first performance of Indian drama in China,Mei Lanfang and Tagore watched the performance.
- 43 Although Zhang Pengchun did not study Western literature,but he was still very passionate about a lot of British dramatists,especially Shakespeare.He taught British Literature"Shakespearean Verse"in liberal arts class of Nankai School(where Zhou Enlai studied)in the spring semester in 1917.On October 31,1927,he made a speech entitled"Shakespeare and the masterpieces Tempest"for the new troupe in room 108 of Nankai New Xiushan Building.During the process of lecturing in England,Zhang Pengchun went Stanford upon Avon to attend the anniversary of Shakespeare's birthday on April 23,1936,giving a speech with a title of"Chinese appraises for Shakespeare".News Chronicle reported that"Dr.Zhang was a star in this speech".In addition,he directed the rehearsal of the British dramatist Wilder's Lady Windermere's Fan in 1926,He translated John Galsworthy's Strife together with Cao Yu and directed the play by himself,which was staged on October 17,1929 with great and unprecedented success.
- 44 GLENDON M.A.,INTRODUCTION,in THE CHALLENGE OF HUMAN RIGHTS:CHARLES MALIK AND THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION,at 2(H.C.Malik ed.,Centre for Lebanese Studies,2000).
- 45 SUNG PINGHUA,supra note 21.
