摘要(Abstract)：
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights(UDHR)has proved to be a truly monumental instrument in the history of mankind.Zhang Pengchun,a Chinese diplomat to the UN,participated in the drafting work of UDHR and played a leading role as Vice-Chairman of the drafting committee.His outstanding contribution to UDHR should not be overlooked.He provided an
关键词(KeyWords)：
Abstract:
Keywords:
基金项目(Foundation): China Academic Translation Project of the National Social Science Fund Historic Achievement of a Common Standard:Zhang Pengchun and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(14WFX005);;
the phased achievement for the Research Project Zhang Pengchun:A Principal Architect of the International Human Rights System sponsored by Humanities and Social Science Research Project of China University of Political Science and Law(2015)
作者(Author): 孙平华;
Email:
参考文献(References)：
- 1 John P.Humphrey,The Memoirs of John P.Humphrey,the First Director of the United Nations Division of Human Rights,5(4)Human Rights Quarterly,387,400(1983).
- 2 Id.,416.
- 3 Id,403.
- 4 Id.
- 5 ELEANOR ROOSEVELT,ON MY OWN,at 77(Happer,1958).
- 6 ELEANOR ROOSEVELT,ON MY OWN,at 95(Hutehinson&CO.Publishers LTD).The following passages are cited from Eleanor Roosevelfs memoirs:"Dr.P.C.Chang,who was a great joy to all of us because of his sense of humor,his philosophical observations and his ability to quote some apt Chinese proverb to fit almost any occasion.""Dr.Chang was a pluralist and held forth in charming fashion on the proposition that there is more than one kind of ultimate reality.The Declaration,he said,should reflect more than simply Western ideas and Dr.Humphrey would have to be eclectic in his approach.His remark,though addressed to Dr.Humphrey,was really directed at Dr.Malik,from whom it drew a prompt retort as he expounded at some length the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas.""I remember that at one point Dr.Chang suggested that the Secretariat might well spend a few months studying the fundamentals of Confucianism."
- 7 Tian Canghai,P.C.Chang:Drafting Hero of UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights,Voice of China,May 19,1989.
- 8CHANG PENGCHUN,CHINA AT THE CROSSROADS,at 46(Evans Brothers Ltd.Montague House,1936).
- 9CHANG PENGCHUN,A NEW LOYALTY(1946).in PENG CHUN CHANG 1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY&COLLECTED WORKS,at 150(Ruth Hsin-Yueh&Cheng Sze-Chuh ed.,Privately published,1995).
- 10 John P.Humphrey,The Memoirs of John P.Humphrey,the First Director of the United Nations Division of Human Rights,5(4)Human Rights Quarterly,387,427-428(1983).
- 11 TORE LINDHOLM,ARTICLE 1,in THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS:A COMMON STANDARD OF ACHIEVEMENT,at 56(GudmundurAfredsson&Asbjorn Eide ed.,Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,1999).
- 12 UN Document:GAORC.3 at 98.
- 13Id.
- 14Id.
- 15Id,48.
- 16UN Document:E/CN.4/AC.1/SR.5,at 4.
- 17Id,6.
- 18Id,7.
- 19 UN Document,supra note 22,153-154.
- 20Id.,154.
- 21According to Chen Shengshen's Preface to Zhang Pengchun's Comments on Education and Dramatics,"He(Zhang Pengchun)had profound knowledge,running many different courses.One year,he ran a course of logic,I was eager to select the course,but no one knows why it did not come true,I still feel regretful now."(Chen Shengshen was studying at Nankai University then.)
- 22 PENG CHUN CHANG 1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY&COLLECTED WORKS,at 23(Ruth Hsin-Yueh&Cheng Sze-Chuhed.,Privately published,1995).
- 23TORKEL OPSAHL&VOJIN DIMITRIJEVIC,ARTICLES 29 AND 30,in THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS:A COMMON STANDARD OF ACHIEVEMENT,at 635(Gudmundur Afredsson&Asbjorn Eide ed.,Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,1999).
- 24 UN Document,supranote22,173.
- 25 Lu Jianping,Wang Jian&Zhao Jun,The Chinese Representative,P.C.Chang and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,2(6)Human Rights,18(2003).
- 26 SIGRUN SKOGLY,ARTICLE 2,in THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS:A COMMON STANDARD OF ACHIEVEMENT,at 75(GudmundurAfredsson&Asbjorn Eide ed.,Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,1999).
- 27 Id,79.
- 28 UN Document:E/CN.4/52.
- 29 John P.Humphrey,supra note 16.
- 30 See ON THE EDGE OF GREATNESS:THE DIARIES OF JOHN HUMPHREY,FIRST DIRECTOR OF THE UNITED NATIONS DIVISION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,at 88(John A.Hobbins ed.,McGill University Libraries,1994).
- 31UN Document:E/CN.4/AC.1/SR.2,at 4.
- 32 Id.
- 33ASBJORN EJTJE&GUDMUNDUR ALFREDSSON,INTRODUCTION,in THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATIONG OF HUMAN RIGHTS:A COMMENTARY,at xxv-xxxv(Asbjorn Eide et al.ed.,Scandinavian University Press,1992).
- 34 UN Document,supra note 22,163.
- 35 MARY A.GLENDON,A WORLD MADE NEW:ELEANOR ROOSEVELT AND THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,at 145(Random House,2001).
- 36CHANG PENGCHUN,WORLD SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMICALLY"LOW PRESSURE AREAS",in PENG CHUN CHANG1892-1957:BIOGRAPHY&COLLECTED WORKS,at 153(Ruth Hsin-yueh&Cheng Sze-chuh ed.,Privately published,1995).
- 37Id.
- 38UN Document:E/CN.4/AC.1/SR.15,at 4(P.C.Chang's proposal:"Everyone has the right to education.Primary education shall be obligatory and shall be provided by the State or community in which he lives.There shall be equal access to technical,culture and higher education as can be provided by the State or community on the basis of merit and without distinction as to race,sex,language or religion").
- 39 UN Document:E/CN.4/SR.67,at 16(P.C.Chang's proposal:Everyone has the right to education,including free fundamental education and equal access on the basis of merit to higher education.Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms).
- 40 UN Document:E/CN.4/SR.69,at 9(P.C.Chang's proposal:Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality,to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to the promotion of international goodwill).
- 41UN Document,supra note 22,462(Everyone has the right of free and equal access to public service of their country).
- 42 Id.,868(P.C.Chang's proposal:Elementary education shall be compulsory;technical and professional education shall be made generally available;and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit).
- 43UNDocument:E/CN.4/AC.1/SR.11 at 10-11.
- 44 Id.
- 45 ZHANG PENGCHUN,NEW CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT FOR TSINGHUA,in ZHANG PENGCHUN'S COMMENTS ON EDUCATION AND DRAMATICS,at 204(Cui Guoliang&Cui Hong ed.,Nankai University Press,2004).
- 46PETER WOO,A METAPHYSICAL APPROACH TO HUMAN RIGHTS FROM A CHINESE POINT OF VIEW,in THE PHILOSOPHY OF HUMAN RIGHTS:INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES,at 113-124(Alan.S.Rosenbaum ed.,AldwychPress,1980).
- 47THE WORKS OF MENCIUS,TSIN-SIN,THE FOUR BOOKS,at 483(James Legge trans.,Oxford University Press,1892).
- 48UN Document,supra note 22,48.
- 49 Id.,890.
- 50 Id,895.
- 51 THE ANALECTS OF CONFUCIUS,at 7(Li Tianchen trans.,Shandong University Press,1991).
- 52 UN Document,supra note 22,128.
- 53 Id.
- 54 Id.,130.
- 55 U.S.DEPARTMENT OF STATE,THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,13(11)EJOURNAL USA(2008).at http://www.america.gov/publications/ejournals.html.
- 56 UN Document,supra note 22,48.
- 57 Id,87.
- 58 JOHN P.HUMPHREY,ON THE EDEGE OF GREATNESS,at 232-233;See MARY A.GLENDON,A WORLD MADE NEW:ELEANOR ROOSEVELT AND THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS,at 212(Random House,2001).
- 59 CHARLES MALIK,SPEECH TO THE GENERAL A SSEMBLY(December 9,1948).m THE CHALLENGE OF HUMAN RIGHTS:CHARLES MALIK AND THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION,at 121(Habib C.Malik ed.,Centre for Lebanese Studies,2000).
- 60U.S.DEPARTMENT OF STATE,supra note 69,32.
